The British National (Overseas) status, commonly known as BNO, is a type of British nationality that was created in 1987. It was established to provide a certain degree of British protection to Hong Kong residents before the handover of Hong Kong to China in 1997. The term ‘BNO’ stands for ‘British National (Overseas)’. This status does not automatically confer the right of abode in the UK, but it does offer a potential pathway to British citizenship. Understanding the BNO and its implications requires a deep dive into the UK visa archives. This article aims to provide key insights into the BNO, its history, its benefits, and its current relevance.
History of the BNO
The BNO was created under the Hong Kong Act 1985, in response to the Sino-British Joint Declaration, which outlined the terms for the handover of Hong Kong from the UK to China. The BNO status was offered to any Hong Kong resident who was a British Dependent Territories Citizen by connection with Hong Kong. The registration for BNO status was open from 1 July 1987 to 30 June 1997.
Benefits of the BNO
While the BNO status does not automatically grant the right of abode in the UK, it does come with several benefits. These include:
- The ability to hold a British passport
- Consular assistance and protection from UK diplomatic posts
- Visa-free access to the UK for up to six months
- The ability to apply for a work or study visa in the UK
However, it’s important to note that BNO status does not confer the right to work or study in the UK without a visa, nor does it grant the right to receive public funds.
Current Relevance of the BNO
In recent years, the BNO has gained renewed relevance due to the political situation in Hong Kong. In response to the National Security Law imposed by China in Hong Kong in 2020, the UK government announced a new immigration route for BNO citizens. This new route allows BNO citizens and their immediate family members to move to the UK to work and study, and eventually apply for citizenship.
Understanding the New BNO Visa
The new BNO visa, introduced in January 2021, allows BNO citizens and their immediate family members to live, work and study in the UK. After five years, they can apply for ‘settled status’, and after one more year, they can apply for citizenship. The key features of the new BNO visa include:
- Five-year visa with the right to work or study
- Access to public funds after obtaining ‘settled status’
- Pathway to British citizenship
This new visa represents a significant expansion of the rights of BNO citizens and marks a major shift in the UK’s policy towards Hong Kong.
Conclusion
The BNO status, while initially a form of British nationality with limited benefits, has evolved into a potential pathway to British citizenship for Hong Kong residents. The recent introduction of the new BNO visa is a testament to the UK’s commitment to uphold the rights and freedoms of Hong Kong residents. As the political situation in Hong Kong continues to evolve, the BNO status and the new BNO visa will undoubtedly continue to play a crucial role.
